Jack的小留学生日记 l 英式用餐礼仪 II

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在英国，用餐是一个十分讲究的事情。本期内容，我将继续为大家讲解西餐用餐礼仪中的相关细节。

餐巾布的使用

 

当您落座后，应该取下桌面上的餐巾布，将餐巾布展开再对折铺到腿上，将有折痕的一侧朝向自己。请切记，如果不是必须要起身离开餐桌，餐巾布应该一直放到腿上直到用餐结束为止。如果要起身，需将餐巾布先放到椅子上，完成起身动作后，再放到自己餐盘的左侧。当您是受邀在餐厅用餐时，您需要明白请客人的提示，比如对方说“龙虾看起来不错”，或者提到了价位更高的食物时，您就可以点自己想要的食物。相反，如果对方说“我觉得自己只想吃沙拉”，那建议您在挑选时尽量选取跟对方价位一样的食物。

餐具的使用

 

传统的西餐一般会有很多用餐工具。正式吃主餐时会有一份餐前面包，请切记，不要用刀叉来切割面包，要直接用手将面包掰开。这种传统来源于中世纪时期，那时候吃饭与狩猎的匕首是同一把刀，为了不在面包上沾上血迹，人们会直接用手吃面包。如果需要涂抹黄油，请先用黄油刀切一块黄油到面包盘上，再进行涂抹，切勿直接跳过放到自己盘子里这一步骤就涂抹到面包上。

用过餐前包后的下一道菜是前菜。如果前菜选择了汤的话，则需要使用到盘子右侧形状较圆的汤匙。在舀汤时，我们一般会从勺子放置的一侧来用餐。而且，在西餐使用过程中，我们不会像在用中餐时那样低头，或者趴着背吃，而是要尽可能保持身体坐直，把食物送到嘴里。这在一开始很难，我经常会把汤洒到身上，所以我建议大家刚开始的时候可以每次少舀一点。但是，当熟悉了之后就会变得容易很多。另外一种需要注意的食物是芦笋，芦笋其实是用手拿着吃的，如果您是用右手来握手的话，就用左手来食用。

对于不熟悉西餐的人来讲，在用主餐时，应该是左手拿叉子，右手拿刀（左撇子相反）。在使用餐刀时，要把食指贴着刀身，请勿挥动或者舔食。在使用叉子时，切勿与刀同时转动。在吃豌豆这类型东西时操作会很难，但是可以与土豆泥等较为粘稠的食物一起食用。如果需要在用餐时起身离开，餐具的放置也有要求，可以把餐盘想象成一个时钟，把餐刀放在3:40的方向，叉子放在刀上面。在法国用餐也是这样的位置，但餐具要放在盘子边缘附近，吃完饭后，餐具要归位到6:30的方向。

在最后食用甜点时，可以选择甜点叉或者甜点勺。或者您可以用叉子来切割甜点再用勺子，如果服务员只给了您叉子，试着用叉子的齿旋转来食用。

 

用餐结束

 

在正式用餐时，提前离开是不礼貌的，这会让别人感觉仿佛您只是来吃饭的，且对与主人社交没有兴趣。但如果是在对方家里聚餐，太晚离开也不好，如果看到身边的人开始打哈欠或者收拾行李，就要明白，可能需要告别了。相对而言，在餐厅用餐的时间把控还是容易一点。离开时，请务必亲自与主人告别，在返回家后，也建议您写一张感谢卡以及邀请函给对方，以示礼貌。

Jack

英文版

Napkins and Ordering

As soon as you sit down, you should remove the napkin for the table and put it on your lap almost immediately. To do this, one should first unfold the napkin to its full size and fold it in half to one’s side. Then, place the napkin on your laps (definitely not tucked into your collar! ) with the crease facing you. Remember, You should keep your napkin in your lap until you are finished eating except if you must get up and leave the table. In this case, place the napkin on the back of your chair and after you are finished, place it on the table to the left of your plate. When you are dining in a restaurant and needs to order food, you should listen for cues from the host or hostess. If they make remarks such as ‘The lobster looks lovely’ or any other that mentions food of a higher price, then it will be fine to order whatever you wish on the menu. On the contrary, if the host or hostess just says something like ‘I think I might just have a salad’, then I would recommend ordering cheaper dishes to match the same price level as your host.

Dining

And finally, we move on to the dining itself. If you are having bread before the meal, you should never cut the bread with a knife but uses one’s hand to break it. This tradition actually came from the Medieval Era when the knives you use to eat is the same dagger you use to hunt with and have bloodstain on it, thus you don’t want to stain the bread with blood. If there is butter, use the butter knife to cut a piece of butter and put it on to your bread plate before spreading it on your bread; never cut the butter from the butter plate and directly apply to your bread!

After bread, we move on the to the starters. If you are having a soup for starters, we need to use the soup spoon which is rounder in shape and found on the right side of your plate. When eating, we scoop the soup away from us and then eat the soup from the side of the spoon. Also note that in Western dining, we don’t lean in and lower out head to the plate, like in Chinese dining, but we sit upright and bring the food to us. This can definitely be difficult to start with as when I first started eating properly, I would often spill more liquid food like soup on to my lap and I will therefore recommend scooping a little less. But with more practice, this will soon become easy and you will be able to eat less messy. Another starter you might encounter is Asparagus. Asparagus is actually a finger food, so you should eat it with your left hand as you shake hands with your right.

Moving on to the main course or starters that require using a knife and fork, you should have your knife in the right hand and your fork in your left (opposite for left-handers). When using your knife, just remember to have your index finger on the top of the knife and never wave it around or lick it; and when using the fork, please make sure that you never turn the tines of it upward when using a knife with it. This might be hard if you are eating peas or anything small, but if you have mush potatoes or something similar, you can use it as a glue which helps you to get more of them at once. If you have to get up at any point of the meal, place your cutlery on the plate in the resting position which is 3.40 if you imagine your plate as a clock, with the fork over the knife. In France, the position is still the same, but the cutlery is placed further part near the edge of the plate. And when finished with your food, You should place the cutlery in 6.30.

Similarly, with desert, use both the dessert spoon and dessert fork to eat. You can use the fork to cut into the desert, and then use the spoon to eat it. If you are only given a fork, then you can use it with the tines pointing up.

Departure and Afterwards

It’s always impolite to leave early or right after dinner as it implies that you are only there for the food and you are not interested in the company of your host or hostess. At the same time, if you are at a house dinner party, don’t stay too late either. It’s easier if you are dining out in a restaurant as everyone will be leaving at the same time, but if you are a house dinner party, look for cues from the host or hostess, such as yawning or if they are already starting to pack up. When you are leaving it is always necessary to say goodbye to your host/hostess in person and when you have returned home, it is recommended to write a thank you card and also an invitation to return the favour to the host/hostess.

Jack

*文章版权归Jack同学所有

 

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